Std 10 English Functions

Functions : 

1. Describing Person:

વ્યક્તિનું વર્ણન કરવા માટે.

Key words: Who, Whose, Whom

1) Veer is the boy who got the first prize

2) The boy who is singing is my brother.

3) Shraddha is the girl whose purse is stolen.

4) Rudra is the boy whose father is a doctor.

5) Rameshbhai is the person whom we all respect.

6) Rahi whom we met is very clever.

વ્યક્તિ માટે જ્યારે 'Adjectives' વપરાય ત્યારે.

1) Gandhiji was an honest man.

2) Vishal is a tall and handsome boy.

2. Describing Thing:

વસ્તુ નું વર્ણન કરવા માટે

Key words: Which, that

1) The house which you bought is very nice.

2) The book that is lying on the table, is famous for jokes.

3) The book that you are reading, is written by Shakespeare.

3. Describing Location:

સ્થળ કે જગ્યા નું વર્ણન કરવા માટે

Key words: Which, Where

1) Panchgini is the place where we went for the picnic.

2) Lal killa, which is a famous monument, is in Delhi.

3) The market was crowded with people.

4) The Somnath temple which is a famous Shiva temple is in Gujarat.

4. Specifying Location / Place:

ચોક્કસ જગ્યા દર્શાવવા માટે

Key words: In, on, near, at, under, behind, here, there

1) The programme is in the Town Hall.

2) My house is on the T.B road.

3) The temple is behind my house.

4) They are playing on the ground.

5. Describing Frequency of Time: 

Key Words: Always, never, Sometimes, often, 

usually, generally, frequently, occasionally, almost, 

never, daily, everyday,  regularly 

1) I always go to school. 

2) Mona occasionally attends the party. 

3) Smeet never complains about homework. 

4) Maulik usually takes butter milk in lunch. 

5) People usually write with the right hand. 

6) Sometimes my mother cooks Italian dishes. 

7) My grandmother often tells us a story. 

8) Scientists rarely believe in superstition. 

9) I generally prefer coffee to tea. 

10)My grandfather frequently goes for a walk. 

6. Talking about Alternatives: 

Key Words: Either … or / Neither … nor / Or 

1) What would you prefer, apples or grapes? 

2) Sit here or leave the classroom. 

3) I will go to school or to hospital. 

4) Manisha would take either tea or coffee. 

5) Either I or my brother will come. 

6) Shyam is neither a doctor nor a teacher. 

7) I will call either Raju or Nishu. 

8) My friend will go to school either by bicycle or by auto rickshaw. 

9) I will drink either tea or coffee. 

10)Manan will go to Bombay neither by car nor by train. 

7. Describing Process: 

પ્રક્રિયા દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: VERB થી વાક્ય ની શરૂઆત થશે

1) Pour some water into the pan and heat it for a while. 

2) Heat the milk and add some sugar to it. 

3) Put butter in a pan and boil it for some time. 

4) Go straight and then take a right turn.

5) Take a glass of water; add some sugar; squeeze a lemon and stir it well. 

6) Open your wallet; take some money out and hand it over to me. 

8. Comparing Thing / Describing Degree of Comparison:

વસ્તુ ની સરખામણી કે તુલના કરવા માટે

Key Words: as…as... /so…as.../...er than /more…than / the…est.../the most... 

1) Ritesh is as handsome as Renish.

2) Mitesh is more hardworking than Sohan.

3) Ahmedabad is hotter than Surat.

4) Gold is the costliest metal in the world.

5) Meet is not so clever as Mayank. 

6) Ashok is the cleverest boy in the class. 

7) Rina is the most hardworking girl in the class. 

8) Mahesh is not cleverer than Mohit. 

9. Inquiry as Nature / Seeking Information: 

Key Words: What, When, Why, Who, Where, How, Which, Whose, How much, 

How many વગેરે જેવા wh-word થી અથવા સહાયકારક ક્રિયાપદ થી પ્રશ્ન પૂછાયેલા હશે.

1) Can you install „Instagram‟ in my mobile? 

2) How are you? 

3) When will your school open? 

4) Why are you late today? 

5) From where did you buy this mobile? 

6) How much money have you paid for this mobile? 

10. Indicating Contrast: 

વિરોધાભાસ દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: But, Yet, Still, Though, Although, However, Even though, 

Even if, As, Despite, In spite of

1) Mohit worked hard but he did not succeed. 

2) Though he is poor, he is honest. 

3) Players played well yet Australia lost the match. 

11. Specifying Time: 

ચોક્કસ સમય દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: Yesterday, Tomorrow, at 5 p.m./10 a.m., On January 8, in 

summer/monsoon/ winter, at noon, in the morning/evening, Since, For, As soon as, 

when, etc. 

1) The train will arrive at 11.30 a.m. 

2) I went to Bombay last week. 

3) The schools will reopen on 11th January. 

4) I will visit Rani Ki Vaav next Friday. 

5) Wait here till I return. 

6) Hetal does her work from 6 a.m. to 8 a.m. 

12. Describing Time: 

સમયનું વર્ણન કરવા માટે

1) Winter is a cold season. 

2) It was a long and tiring day.

13. Expressing Pleasantries / Niceties: 

Key Words: Congratulations, Hurrah! Thank you, Sorry, Wish you… 

1) Congratulations! You won the match. 

2) I am sorry. I hurt you. 

3) Wish you all the best. 

4) It is so nice of you. 

5) Thank you for your kind support. 

14. Showing Emotions: 

લાગણી કે ભાવ દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: (fear, joy, love, sadness, anger, disappointment, surprise, disgust, 

regret વગેરે જેવા ભાવ દર્શાવવા માટે) Hurrah! /Wow! /Oh! /Ah! /Hey! /Alas! /Ouch! 

1) Hurrah! We have won the match. 

2) Alas! The bird has died. 

3) Oh, what a nice camera! 

15. Duration of Time: 

સમયગાળો દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words : For , How long......?

1) I have been living in Kadi for 25 years. 

2) Raj has been reading for a long time. 

3) I have been working as a teacher for 20 years. 

HOW LONG .... ?

1) How long have you been working as teacher? 

2) How long have you been sleeping? 

16. Point of Time: 

Key Word : since , since when.... ?

1) I have been serving as a teacher since 2004. 

2) Neha has been driving since 10 a.m. 

3) They had been playing cricket since morning.

since when 

1) Since when have you been teaching? 

2) Since when had he been sleeping? 

3) Since when has your sister been learning English? 

17. Describing Action: 

Key Words: Passive Voice નું વાક્ય

1) The result was declared last week. 

2) Children will be given chocolates by Prakashbhai. 

3) The decision has already been taken. 

18. Describing Condition / Expressing Condition: 

શરત દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: If / unless simple present tense

1) If you work hard, you will pass the exam. 

2) Unless you sit quietly, I will send you out. 

19. Making Request: 

વિનંતી દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: Please/ kindly can you…? 

Could you…? Will you…? Would you…? 

1) Please help me to cross the road. 

2) Please do not make a noise. 

3) Kindly switch on the fan. 

4) Would you help me to solve this problem? 

5) Could you sit silently, please? 

20. Making Suggestion / Expressing Advice: 

સલાહ આપવા માટે

Key Words: you should

1) You should reach Polo Forest before evening. 

2) You should read in the morning time. 

3) You should not waste your time. 

21. Talking about Reason: 

કારણ વિશે વાત કરવા માટે

Key Words: Because, Because of 

1) Arvi was absent in the school because she was ill. 

2) Nisha could not go out because of heavy rain.

22. Describing Result: 

પરિણામ દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: So, therefore, as a result 

1) Riya saw a tiger behind the tree so she ran away. 

2) The bag was heavy so I could not carry it. 

23. Describing the Past Event: 

ભૂતકાળની ક્રિયાઓ દર્શાવવા માટે

 Key Words: Sentence Of Past Tense

1) Pravin celebrated his birthday last week. 

2) We did not play football. 

3) My teacher was reading a newspaper. 

24. Expressing Possibility : 

શક્યતા દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: May/Might

1) Sneh might come home late today. 

2) You may get your result tomorrow. 

3) There are clouds in the sky. It may rain.

25. Asking about Number: 

સંખ્યા વિશે પૂછવા માટે

Key Words: How many

1) How many students joined in Microsoft Teams? 

2) How many lessons have you completed? 

26. Asking about Quantity : 

જથ્થા વિશે પૂછવા માટે

Key Words: How much

1) How much water do you drink in the morning? 

2) How much sugar did you buy? 

27. Reporting Events: 

Key Words: indirect Speech ના વાક્યો

1) The principal told me that he had attended the meeting. 

2) Akbar asked Birbal if he could carry a fat man. 

28. Expressing Manners: 

Key Words: adverbs 

1) Rekhaben drives her scooter slowly. 

2) A cook cut the vegetables fast. 

3) Makhkhansinh lived very bravely among the dacoits. 

29. Expressing Ability: 

ક્ષમતા દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words:  can/could

1) My teacher can speak English fluently. 

2) Veer could not swim in deep water.

30. Expressing Purpose: 

હેતુ દર્શાવવા માટે

Key Words: so that / in order to / with a view to

1) Rafikbhai served breakfast so that we could work happily. 

2) Shraddha has joined the dance class in order to win the DID 

competition. 

3) We went to the market with a view to buying books

31. Expressing Proposal : 

Key Words : let's , let us વાળા વાક્યો

1. Let's go to picnic.